Causal Inference in Biomedical Research

Catalog description

This course considers approaches to defining and estimating causal effects in various settings. The potential-outcomes approach provides the framework for the concepts of causality developed here, although we will briefly consider alternatives. Topics considered include: the definition of effects of scalar or point treatments; nonparametric bounds on effects; identifying assumptions and estimation in simple randomized trials and observational studies; alternative methods of inference and controlling confounding; propensity scores; sensitivity analysis for unmeasured confounding; graphical models; instrumental variables estimation; joint effects of multiple treatments; direct and indirect effects; intermediate variables and effect modification; randomized trials with simple noncompliance; principal stratification; effects of time-varying treatments; time-varying confounding in observational studies and randomized trials; nonparametric inference for joint effects of treatments; marginal structural models; and structural nested models. Prerequisite: If course requirement not met, permission of instructor required.