BIOL 323

Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy and Evolution

Case Western Reserve University · UGRD · Fall 2026

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The origin and radiation of vertebrates from jawless fish to mammals is explored through detailed comparison of their anatomical changes over evolutionary time. Key fossils of representative vertebrate and proto-vertebrate taxa are presented, supplemented by the anatomy, physiology, embryology, and behavior of relevant extant forms. The changing geography and ecology, as well as important extinction events, of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic eras are considered. The foundations of anatomical nomenclature are provided at the start of the course; no prior experience is required. This course satisfies the Organismal Elective requirement for the Biology B.A. and Biology B.S. degrees. Prereq: BIOL 216 or Requisites Not Met Permission.

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Class #case_western_reserve-BIOL323Fall 2026UGRD3 credits
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