BIOL 422

Marine Communities

California State University San Marcos · UGRD · Fall 2026

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Examines the environmental characteristics, patterns of species distribution and abundance, and adaptations of organisms in marine communities, with a particular focus on benthic communities. Community structure and biological interactions including predation, competition, and symbiosis will be investigated in specific communities such as the rocky intertidal zone, coral reefs, and mangroves. Human impacts on marine communities will be explored. May not be taken for credit by students who received credit for: BIOL 388. Field trip(s) during or outside of class (including weekends) may be required. Prerequisite(s): BIOL 354 with a grade of C (2.0) or better, or enrollment in the Biological Sciences graduate program.

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Class #california_san_marcos-0304Fall 2026UGRD3 credits
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