ENVI 343

Nonrenewable Natural Resources

Binghamton University · UGRD · Fall 2026

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Nonrenewable Natural Resources examines the geologic occurrence, extraction and processing methods, and environmental impacts of ore deposits such as those that provide industrial metals such as Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn; those that provide precious metals such as Au, Ag, Pt, and Pd; those that provide high-tech metals such as Nb, Ta, Zr, REEs, and U; and those that provide bulk materials such as Iron, Aluminum, Cement, Plaster, and Fossil Fuels. The uses, supply, demand, cost, and replacement alternatives of natural resources. as well as the geopolitical implications of natural resource distributions are considered. Prerequisite: one four-credit 100-level geology course, or ENVI 201, or one of ENVI 206, ENVI 234, or GEOL 234. Offered fall only.

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Class #binghamton-ENVI343Fall 2026UGRD4 credits
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